Department of chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur, A.P. India.
Keywords:
chitosan, nanoparticles, bioavailability, biodegradable polymerAbstract
The application of nanotechnology for the treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, and control of biological systems has recently been determined by the National of Health (NIH) as nanomedicine. The strategy of Nanoparticle delivery plays a significant impact on global Pharmaceutical planning and marketing. Polymeric nanoparticles are used to control the drug release, to improve the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs in addition to improve the bioavailability of degradable substances such as protein. They also enhance the uptake of hydrophilic substances across the epithelial layers and have the potential for intracellular drug delivery. The submicron size range of nanoparticles is not only suitable for parenteral application but also applicable for mucosal routes of administration, i.e., oral, nasal, and ocular mucosa which are non-invasive route. Thus nanoparticle formulations are more advantageous over traditional dosage forms. The main aim of the present review deals with the nanoparticles of chitosan, which is a natural and bio-degradable polymer. The review focuses on the isolation, purification, characteristic features, derivatives of chitosan, preparation techniques, evaluation methods and applications of chitosan nanoparticles.
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