Effect of vesicular encapsulation on in-vitro cytotoxicity of ciclopirox olamine
Keywords:
liposome, niosome, anticancer, ciclopirox olamine,, cytotoxicityAbstract
Ciclopirox olamine (CPO), an antifungal has recently been cited as a drug repurposed for cancer treatment. Vesicular drug delivery systems like liposomes and niosomes have proven to increase the efficacy of anticancer drugs. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effect of two vesicular delivery systems liposome and niosome on the anticancer potential of CPO using in vitro cytotoxicity assays. CPO was encapsulated in liposomes (prepared from Phospholipon®90H) and niosomes (prepared from Span 60) by ethanol injection method. The cytotoxic effect of liposomal and niosomal CPO was evaluated on KB (oral cancer), PC3 (prostate cancer), Siha (cervical cancer) and Vero (kidney epithelial) cell lines using MTT assay. The IC50 values were compared with free drug CPO and with standard anticancer drug doxorubicin. CPO exhibited cytotoxicity to all the cell lines studied. The niosomal encapsulation of CPO favored its cytotoxicity on the cancer cell lines. Much lower IC50 values were obtained in comparison to the liposomal and free form of CPO. The enhancement in the cytotoxic effect on the non-cancer cell line Vero was not noted. CPO demonstrated marginal difference in the concentration required to produce cytotoxic effect on cancer and normal cell lines. The difference was enhanced by niosomal CPO as much lower concentration was required to produce cytotoxic effect on cancer cells while rendering no effect on normal cells. Enhanced cytotoxicity selectively to cancer cells in the present study demonstrates the pharmacological significance of niosomal drug delivery system of CPO.
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